При отсутствии GUI в ос Windows 8.1 / 10  резервного копирования в отличие от ос Windows Server OS (Windows Backup) можно использовать средство командной строки

wbadmin.  подробнее смотрите wbadmin

Пример использования:

Создания архива:

wbadmin Start Backup -backupTarget:D: -include:c: -allCritical -vssCopy

Подробнее:

Subcommand	Description
Wbadmin enable backup	Configures and enables a regularly scheduled backup.
Wbadmin disable backup	Disables your daily backups.
Wbadmin start backup	Runs a one-time backup. If used with no parameters, uses the settings from the daily backup schedule.
Wbadmin stop job	Stops the currently running backup or recovery operation.
Wbadmin get versions	Lists details of backups recoverable from the local computer or, if another location is specified, from another computer.
Wbadmin get items	Lists the items included in a backup.
Wbadmin start recovery	Runs a recovery of the volumes, applications, files, or folders specified.
Wbadmin get status	Shows the status of the currently running backup or recovery operation.
Wbadmin get disks	Lists disks that are currently online.
Wbadmin start systemstaterecovery	Runs a system state recovery.
Wbadmin start systemstatebackup	Runs a system state backup.
Wbadmin delete systemstatebackup	Deletes one or more system state backups.
Wbadmin start sysrecovery	Runs a recovery of the full system (at least all the volumes that contain the operating system’s state). This subcommand is only available if you are using the Windows Recovery Environment.
Wbadmin restore catalog	Recovers a backup catalog from a specified storage location in the case where the backup catalog on the local computer has been corrupted.
Wbadmin delete catalog	Deletes the backup catalog on the local computer. Use this subcommand only if the backup catalog on this computer is corrupted and you have no backups stored at another location that you can use to restore the catalog.

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